1. PROJECT ------------ Title: Radar-supported Next-Generation Forecasting of Volcanic Ash Hazard (R4AsH) Dates: February 2019 - February 2022 Funding organisation: NERC Grant no.: NE/S005218/1 2. DATASET ------------ Title: Outputs from a volcanic ash transport and dispersion model (NAME), source inversion system (InTEM) and SEVIRI satellite retrievals for the 2019 Raikoke eruption. Description: This dataset contains (1) the output of a volcanic ash transport and dispersion model (Numerical Atmospheric-dispersion Modelling Environment - NAME) simulations of the 2019 Raikoke eruption used in the UK Met Office volcanic ash source inversion system (InTEM), (2) Himawari satellite retrievals provided by kind permission of the UK Met Office that were used in InTEM inversion system, (3) output from the InTEM system for the Raikoke eruption (4) output of volcanic ash transport and dispersion model simulations used for comparison to satellite retrievals and to produce ash hazard risk maps. The use of this data is outlined in Natalie Harvey et al. (2022): Quantifying the impact of meteorological uncertainty on emission estimates and the risk to aviation using source inversion for the Raikoke 2019 eruption. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (13). pp. 8529-8545. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8529-2022 Publication Year: 2021 Simulation data Creator: Natalie Harvey Organisation: University of Reading Rights-holder: University of Reading Satellite data Creator: Cameron Saint Organisation: UK Met Office Rights-holder: UK Met Office 3. TERMS OF USE ----------------- Simulation data: (C) University of Reading 2021. This dataset is licensed by the rights-holder under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Satellite data: (C) Crown Copyright 2021. This dataset is licensed by the rights-holder under the Non-commercial Government Licence 2.0: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/non-commercial-government-licence/version/2/. 4. CONTENTS ------------ File listing name_runs_intem_raikoke.tar.gz contains concentration output at hourly resolution from NAME simulations using a nominal release rate (1 g/s) from each possible source term component (4km height range and 3-hourly time period) with wet deposition represented for each member of the meteorological ensemble. The posterior emissions determined by InTEM using linear combinations of these nominal simulations are described in Harvey et al. (In prep.). intem_runs_raikoke.tar.gz contains the output files from the InTEM inversion with wet deposition represented for each member of the meteorological ensemble. raikoke_ens_runs_prior.tar.gz contains .txt concentration output at hourly resolution from NAME simulations using the a priori source for each member of the meteorological ensemble. raikoke_ens_runs_posterior.tar.gz contains .txt concentration output at hourly resolution from NAME simulations using the inverted posterior source term for each member of the meteorological ensemble. This data was used to compare to satellite retrievals of ash column loading and to create ash hazard risk maps as described in Harvey et al. (In prep). Himawari_raikoke.tar.gz contains .txt of retrieved ash column loading from SEVIRI averaged on to a 0.375 degree latitude by 0.5625 longitude (approximately 40 km x 40 km in mid latitudes) and averaged over 1 hour for ashy boxes and clear sky boxes. 5. METHOD and PROCESSING -------------------------- The method and processing used to create this data are described in Natalie Harvey et al. (2022): Quantifying the impact of meteorological uncertainty on emission estimates and the risk to aviation using source inversion for the Raikoke 2019 eruption. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (13). pp. 8529-8545. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8529-2022. The dispersion model data was created using NAME III Version 7.2. Full details of the NAME model can be found here: Jones, A., Thomson, D., Hort, M., Devenish, B. The UK Met Office’s next-generation atmospheric dispersion model, NAME III. In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVII; Springer, 2007; pp. 580-589. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68854-1 Full details of the InTEM system can be found here: Pelley, R.E., Cooke, M.C., Manning, A.J., Thomson, D.J., Witham, C.S., Hort, M.C. Initial implementation of an inversion technique for estimating volcanic ash source parameters in near real time using satellite retrievals. Forecasting Research Technical Report No. 604;Met Office, 2015. https://library.metoffice.gov.uk/Portal/Default/en-GB/RecordView/Index/212804